DERADIKALISASI DALAM MENANGGULANGI PAHAM RADIKALISME DAN TERORISME DI INDONESIA
Keywords:
Deradicalization, Radicalism, TerrorismAbstract
The use of a hard approach as an effort to arrest, prosecute and enforce the law carried out by security forces against perpetrators of terror must be balanced with a soft approach in dealing with radicalism. Therefore, it is very interesting and important to study further whether terrorists exposed to radicalization can be neutralized with a deradicalization program? and how does deradicalization deal with radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia? To answer these problems, normative juridical legal research methods are used with statutory and conceptual regulatory approaches. Data obtained from primary, secondary and tertiary legal material sources were collected and then analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. From the research results, it was found that deradicalization is a strategy based on a conceptual understanding to deal with problems related to the development of ideologies and acts of radicalism. Deradicalization efforts must involve the government together with Indonesian civil society, especially to stop, eliminate, or at least neutralize radicalism. Deradicalization is a change with the modernization of radical ideology accompanied by a reasonable and integrated approach to social welfare. Efforts to modernize radical ideology are intended so that former perpetrators of terrorism, apart from no longer having radical beliefs, can also become agents of change that support the eradication of criminal acts of terrorism. Efforts to carry out deradicalization involving Indonesian civil society are needed as an effort to strengthen the ideological defense of citizens. Strengthening regulations by creating a separate law related to deradicalization to give it strength as a clear legal basis.
References
Buku :
Adji, Indriyanto Seno. Terorisme, Perpu No. 1 Tahun 2002 Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Dalam Terorisme, Tragedi Umat Manusia. Jakarta: O.C. Kaligis & Associates, 2001.
Amirsyah. Meluruskan Salah Paham Terhadap Deradikalisasi: Pemikiran, Konsep dan Strategi Pelaksanaan. Jakarta: Grafindo Khazanah Ilmu, 2012.
Angel, Rabasa, ed. Deradicalizing Islamist Extremists. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation, 2010.
Arief, Barda Nawawi. Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2002.
Atmasasmita, Romli, and Tim. Analisis dan Evaluasi Peraturan Perundang-undangan tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme (Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2003). Jakarta: Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 2012.
Ghazali, Khairul. Aksi Teror Bukan Jihad: Membedah Ideologi Takfiri dan Penyimpangan Jihad di Indonesia. Jakarta: Daulat Press, 2015.
Golose, Petrus Reinhard. Deradikalisasi Terorisme: Humanis, Soul Approach dan Menyentuh Akar Rumput. Jakarta: Yayasan Pengembangan Kajian Ilmu Kepolisian, 2009.
Hasani, Ismail, et al. Radikalisme Islam di Jabodetabek dan Jawa Barat: Implikasinya Terhadap Jaminan Kebebasan Beragama/Berkeyakinan. Jakarta: Setara Institute, 2010.
Hariyati, Nuria Reny, and Hespi Septiana. Radikalisme: Dalam Perspektif Analisis Wacana Kritis. Gresik: Graniti, 2019.
Jamhari, and Jajang Jahroni. Gerakan Salafi Radikal Di Indonesia. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2004.
Nye, Joseph. Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York: Public Affairs, 2004.
Binder, Leonard. Islamic Liberalism. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Juergensmeyer, M. Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence. London: University of California Press, 2003.
Manullang, A.C. Menguak Tabu Intellijen Teror, Motif dan Rezim. Jakarta: Panta Rhei, 2001.
Mardenis. Pemberantasan Terorisme: Politik Internasional dan Politik Hukum Nasional Indonesia. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2011.
Mohammed, Aburrahman. New Approach? Deradicalization Programs and Contraterrorism. New York: International Peace Institute, 2010.
Jurnal, Skripsi, Tesis Disertasi :
A. Schmid. “The Revised Academic Consensus Definition of Terrorism.” Perspectives on Terrorism 6, no. 2 (2012).
Schmid, A. “The Revised Academic Consensus Definition of Terrorism.” Perspectives on Terrorism 6, no. 2, 2012.
Biyanto. “Fundamentalisme dan Ideologi Islam Modern.” Jurnal Paramedia 7, no. 2, 2006.
Budijanto, Oki Wahju, dan Tony Yuri Rahmanto. “Pencegahan Paham Radikalisme Melalui Optimalisasi Pendidikan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia.” Jurnal HAM 2, no. 1, 2021.
Council of Europe. European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism. Strasbourg, January 27, 1977.
Lemhannas Republik Indonesia. “Meningkatkan Penanggulangan Radikalisme Guna Mewujudkan Sistem Keamanan Nasional Dalam Rangka Ketahanan Nasional.” Jurnal Kajian Lemhannas RI, no. 21, March 2015.
Ma’arif, Syamsul. “Ideologi Pesantren Salaf: Deradikalisasi Agama dan Budaya Damai.” Ibda’: Jurnal Kebudayaan Islam, no. 12, 2014.
Mahmudati, Zahratul. “Pendidikan Anti Radikalisme Sejak Dini.” Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa 1, no. 3, 2014.
Mustofa, Imam. “Deradikalisasi Ajaran Agama: Urgensi, Problem, dan Solusinya.” Akademika: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 16, no. 2, 2011.
Nasution, Aulia Rosa. “Terorisme di Abad Ke-21: Upaya Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Kejahatan Terorisme Dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional dan Hak Asasi Manusia.” Jurnal Mercatoria 8, no. 1, 2015.
Suparno, Bambang. “Meningkatkan Penanggulangan Radikalisme Guna Mewujudkan Sistem Keamanan Nasional Dalam Rangka Ketahanan Nasional.” Round Table Discussion (RTD) at Lemhannas, May 14, 2014.
Tim Kajian. “Meningkatkan Penanggulangan Radikalisme Guna Mewujudkan Sistem Keamanan Nasional Dalam Rangka Ketahanan Nasional.” Material for Dirjen Kesbangpol at Focus Group Discussion (FGD) at Lemhannas, May 14, 2014.
Internet :
BBC News Indonesia. “Presiden Jokowi Ajak Lembaga Negara Revisi UU Terorisme.” January 19, 2016. Accessed October 13, 2023.
Elshinta.com. “21 Januari 1985: Serangan Bom Di Candi Borobudur.” January 21, 2023. Accessed October 10, 2023.
Fakhrurrazi. “Islam Radikal Antara Pemikiran dan Gerakan: Analisis Kajian Dalam Perspektif Keberagamaan.” Accessed October 11, 2023.
Peraturan Perundang-Undangan :
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2003 tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2002 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme Menjadi Undang-Undang, Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2003 Nomor 45, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4284.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2003 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2002 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme menjadi Undang-Undang Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2018 Nomor 92, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6216.
Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme, Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2002, Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2002 Nomor 106, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4232.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Bakhtiar Nugroho, Sudarto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
