A NEW PARADIGM OF CRIMINALIZATION THROUGH THE CONCEPT OF JUDICIAL PARDON BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF JUSTICE AND LEGAL UTILITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.08221/mis.v3i1.259Abstrak
Judicial pardon empowers adjudicators to absolve defendants—proven guilty through evidence—without sentence imposition, as enshrined in Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Indonesian Criminal Code. This study adopts a normative juridical methodology incorporating statutory and conceptual analyses. Findings demonstrate that judicial pardon provisions signal penal reform toward a humane, proportionate, and substantively just criminal framework. Via this tool, judges may weigh elements like offender culpability, act motivation, personal context, and societal effects. Furthermore, judicial pardon upholds legal utility, acknowledging scenarios where criminalization yields scant benefit to perpetrator, victim, or community. Thus, its integration into the new Criminal Code advances a sanctions system balancing retribution with justice, humanity, and pragmatic value in penal application.
Referensi
Books
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Article
Aisy, Rohadhatul., “Judicial Pardon as a Humanizing Approach to Criminal Sentencing: Reconstructing Judicial Decisions under the New Indonesian Criminal Code,” The Digest: Journal of Jurisprudence and Legisprudence , Vol. 6, No.2, (2025).
Bahri, Robi Assadul., “Penafsiran Asas Judicial Pardon dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Baru,” Journal of Interdisciplinary Legal Perspectives , Vol. 1, No.1, (2024).
Estiningtyas, Aulia Rizka., Hasanah, Ulfatul., Windari, Rusmilawati, “Comparison of the Legal Regulation of the Rechterlijk Pardon in Indonesia and the Netherlands,” Jurnal Suara Hukum Vol. 6, no. 1 (2024).
Farikhah, Mufatikhatul., “The Judicial Pardon Arrangement as a Method of Court Decision in the Reform of Indonesian Criminal Law Procedure,” Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 1, (2021).
Hananta, Dwi. “Pertimbangan keadaan-keadaan meringankan dan memberatkan dalam penjatuhan pidana/aggravating and mitigating circumstances consideration on sentencing”, Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, Vol. 7, No.1, (2018).
Muyassaroh, Ridwan, Rofiana, Reine., “Konsep Rechterlijk Pardon terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Ringan untuk Mengatasi Over Capacity Lembaga Pemasyarakatan,” Legalitas : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum , Vol.8. No.1, (2023).
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Internet
Farig, Muamar Azmar Mahmud, “Pemaafan Hakim: Potensi Risiko dan Mitigasinya”, diakses melalui https://dandapala.com/opini/detail/pemaafan-hakim-potensi-risiko-dan-mitigasinya pada tanggal 27 Februari 2026 Pukul 22.15 WIB.
Potret Maluku.Id, “ Pn Ambon Terapkan Judicial Pardon, Era Baru Penegakkan Hukum Pidana” , Diakses Melalui Https://Potretmaluku.Id/Pn-Ambon-Terapkan-Judicial-Pardon-Era-Baru-Penegakkan-Hukum-Pidana/ pada tanggal 27 Februari 2026 pukul 21.00 WIB.
Uly, Marsinta. Pemaafan Hakim (Judicial Pardon) Dalam Kuhp Nasional: Implikasi Dan Tantangan Dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia, Diakses Melalui Https://Siganisbadilum.Mahkamahagung.Go.Id/Arunika/Baca-Artikel/Pemaafan-Hakim--Judicial-Pardon--Dalam-Kuhp-Nasional--Implikasi-Dan-Tantangan-Dalam-Sistem--Peradilan-Indonesia/A-197arny4xxu pada tanggal 27 februari 2026 pukul 22.00 WIB.
Regulation
Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana
------, Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2025 tentang Kitan Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana.
Unduhan
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Cara Mengutip
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Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Muhammad Arman, Megawati Barthos
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